What Dynasty Created The Civil Service Examination

Meritocracy: The Song Dynasty

Under Song emperors, the idea of scholar-officials reached its height. The Song relied on civil service exams and opened them up to far more candidates. In this way, they created a meritocracy .

The exams were influenced by a new school of thought known as neo-Confucianism. This new teaching composite the teachings of Confucius with elements of Buddhism and Daoism (ii traditional religions in China).

A Confucian scholar, Zhu 11 (JU SHEE), commented on classic Chinese writings. In 1190, his work was published as the Four Books . This work became the basis of study for all civil service exams.

Confucius taught that people must act properly in v important relationships: ruler and subject area, father and son, older sibling and younger sibling, husband and wife, and friend and friend. Except for friends, one person in each relationship is above the other. Those to a higher place should be kind to those below. Those below should respect and obey those to a higher place. In particular, subjects must be loyal to their rulers. Song emperors and scholars believed that officials who had studied Confucius would be rational , moral, and able to maintain order.

Nether the Vocal, people from lower classes gained the ability to become scholar-officials. They could attend the new state-supported schools and become on to the university. If they passed a local test, they could take the purple exam in the uppercase. On those exams, they wrote essays and poems in a certain style. They answered questions about political and social bug based on Confucian ideas.

The exams were fix to prevent cheating. Candidates were locked in a small-scale room for several days. A 2nd person copied each newspaper then that the examiners wouldn't know whose piece of work they were reading.

Only a small proportion of candidates passed the difficult exams. Those who failed could have the tests again in the future. Those who passed had to wait a few years before their starting time appointment. When it came, it was for a job far from their hometown, and so that they could not play favorites among family and friends. At the finish of three years, officials could move up in rank.

Despite the challenges, people were happy to go such respected jobs. As government officials, they also enjoyed sure privileges, such every bit being excused from taxes and military service.

What Dynasty Created The Civil Service Examination,

Source: https://sites.google.com/site/floresworldhistory7/the-political-development-of-imperial-china/meritocracy-the-song-dynasty

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